Code message.



1907, Serial No. 408,120.

UNITED STATES hlltllldlfll; RERATCDINT, OF NEW YORK, Y.

PATENT ()FFIC. Tl.

CODE MESSAGE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 2%, lij'ir}.

Applicationflled February 21, 1908. Serial No. 417.602.

New York, have invented certain new anduseful Impro ements in Code Messages, of" whichthe following is a speclfication.

My invention relates to code messages, and

particularly to such as represent financial.

transactions, the code part of the message bein expressed by figures, or being at least ca a 1c of translation into figures.

he object of my invention is to provide a safety test in connection with such messages.

-T he -resent invention has been designed especia y .for use in .conjunction with code messages such as form the subject-matter of my ap lication for Letters-Patent filed in the Unite States Patent Ofiice December 26, In said application I h 'e described how the recipient of the message mafasTerta-in hether/o'r not there is an error in transmission zhtowever, with the means. there explained, he could in the case of an error occurring, only discover the fact that there was an error, but he could not locats and correct the error, and would there fore be put to the trouble and expense of asking'to have the message repeated,

The object of my present invention is to enable the rec pient of the message, by his own tests, not only to ascertain if the 1neesage has been correctly transmitted, but to locate andcorrect an error witl'io'ut consultin the sender of the message.

cference is to be had to the accompanying drawing in which I Figure 1 illustrates a complete message as written down correctly by the sender; Fig. 2 shows how the test numbers or totals ornbodied in said message are obtained; Fig. 3 represents the same message as delivered (with errors) to the addressee; Fig. 4 shows how the recipient is ei'iabled, by means of the test totals, to local ind correct the errors which occurred in transmission; and Fig. 5 illustrates an other-form of message according to my invention. i

' he message shown in Fig. l, in its code part (the three lines after the address) con sists of a number of code units X (four in this particular'case) each comprising two pore mark (such as indicated by the reference letsame number of elements or .fl 'u figures in the line of i i;

the Word speciali shown in i not indicate- ].700 lire, or that ti 9 r1- embodied in the message) is only a tor Z).

's of the re (five), so

In Fig. 1, each unit cons that the number of ch n-rent,

I 1 alt-i. -1 is a multiple of thenuualer of ri' aim-ants com tained in each unit. After these code units follows an indication of the nun'iher of orders (m'diui) representi-id by the respective code units (4), an indication (lettered 'l'") is the 5 total of amounts or value marks (lire 1WD) and an indication (lettered ll) o? the total of the record marl: (3.344) together with sci-he symbol (lettered S), such as thr ciali," which indicates the proper the value marks. For instance,

3, may he agreed upon to mean tht the 'li figure of each code unit {uaughts excepted) indicates the amount cl ii. orde 'c lumdreds of lire, and that the i to the r of this value mark consi or record number. The would therefore mean number 5. Each (if-thepart-it: ug messages would have a record book in which the meaning of each record mark or record number would be entered, t the names and other particular mitter and payee of s. numl" r 5 may mean for mitts-nee is sent by (Zi co- Giusepnc Bonel-liol 156 S sina. So faras above dose 1 1 has l'meni'disclosed in 1 above rcl'err .d to. error in transmissioiii so ti number or value marks if..-

record numbers (5 +46 +10? -'r--1lf i; would i not be 1344, the recipient would know that there was an error somewhere, but l be unable to locate it. To enab this, 1' have added the test total-s (dos ml by reference letter U) whicl'i in. the par cular example shown in Fig. l, are

' 71515193351424.- The manner ofobtaining these number shown in Fig. 2. Each ofthe code units is written in a vertical column (from ton to bottom) and the columns are placed side-by side so that horizontal rows are formed, Then the figures are added up both vertically and horizontally, to yield the nine totals shown. The number 56 (which not shown test as transmission.

to the correctness of the addition, as the sum. of the four column totals must be equal to the sum of the five row totals.

Now let us suppose that the message Fig. 1 is received by the addressee in the form shown in Fig. 3, that is, with two errors in The addressee knows at once that there are at least two errors, because neither the total of su posed value marks (1 +5 +7 +3: 16) nor t 1e total of the sup' addressee therefore concludes thatthe figure in the first column and third row'is erroneous, and should be corrected to 0. In the same manner he discovers that the total of the third column, as well as that of the fourth row, are too large by 9, hence he corrects the number at the insertion of the third column and fourth row by subtracting 9 therefrom, making. it read 0.

It will be obvious that the principle'of my invention maybe employed in an analogous manner if instead of designating the numerals by the customary figures, I employ a notation in which numbers areexpressed'by letters. Y Forinstance, the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0, might be represented by the letters a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i 2, so that the mes-- sage Fig. 1 would become (see Fig. 5) zzabezzedfzgaigcaahf ordini d lire agzz speciali acdd gaeaeai 'chgadbd. Thiswouldobviousl be corrected of code units each-consisting of a number of elements havin l a numerical significance, and test totals mdicating the proper results of the addition of said elements uponthe arrangement of said units in columns and rows. 2. A code message, comprising a number of code units each consisting of a number of elements having a numerical significance and test totals indicating the proper sums of the elements of each unit;

3. A code message, comprising a number of code units each consisting of a number of elements having a numerlcal significance, and test totals indicating the proper results of the addition of said elements in rows upon the arrangement of said units in adjacent columns.

4. A code message, comprisin a number of code units each consisting o the same number of elements having a numerical significance, each unit being composed of two portions one of which indicates value and the other a record number, the message further comprising an indication of the total value and ofthe sum of the record numbers, and test totals indicating the proper results of the addition of said elements upon the arrangement of the units in columns and rows.

5. A code message, comprisin a number of code units each consisting o the same number of elements having a numerical significance, each unit being composed of two other a record number, the-message further comprising an indication of the total value and of the sum of the record numbers, and test totals indicatin the proper sums of the elements of each in ividu'al code unit. I

6. A code message, comprisin a number number of elements having a numerical sig- MICHAEL BERARDINI.

Witnesses MERCO ROSSOMANNO, FERDINANDO CAsTALmE.

portions one of which indicatesvalue and the of code units each consisting o the same nificance, each unit being composed of two 

